Area 22
Main Information
| Area ID | 22 |
| Site |
Sumaki Höyük |
| Area type | settlement |
| Area NR | 3rd Phase |
| Period | Anatolia: Pre-Pottery Neolithic C Anatolia: Early Neolithic |
| Dating method | material culture |
| Radiocarbon dated | None |
| Earliest date: Lab Number | |
| Earliest date: 14C age (BP) | |
| Earliest date: Calibration | None |
| Earliest date: 14C age calibrated (BC) | |
| Earliest date: Date of calibration | None |
| Earliest date: Standard deviation | None |
| Earliest date: Delta 13C | None |
| Earliest date: Dated by | |
| Latest date: Lab Number | |
| Latest date: 14C age (BP) | |
| Latest date: Calibration | None |
| Latest date: 14C age calibrated (BC) | |
| Latest date: Date of calibration | None |
| Latest date: Standard deviation | None |
| Latest date: Delta 13C | None |
| Latest date: Dated by | |
| Period Reference | |
| Comment | 3rd Phase (Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) and/or Pottery Neolithic with PPNB tradition in 2 or 3 subphases). The 3rd Phase appears to be the main occupation of the site, with 2 or 3 subphases. There is a clear distinction between the deposits of constructions and the outer areas. Roomed, two-storied rectangular structures; a wattle-and-daub type of architecture; super-imposed well-made large oval hearths and ovens with basket surroundings; an obsidian blade and flake industry. According to our 2010 data, there were floods torrents leaving thin fill layers between the subphases as well. This phase is most probably a Cell Buildings Subphase, in the terminology of the Cayönü excavations, in PPNB. As pottery fragments have been found in places in the fill, we term this phase for the moment as "Pottery Neolithic with a PPNB tradition ". |
| Settlement type | tell |
| Settlement structure |
houses: free-standing |
| Settlement building type | |
| Settlement building shape |
rectangular |
| Settlement building technique |
wattle and daub |
| Settlement archaeological features |
hearth oven terrace wall |
| Cave/rockshelters type | None |
| Cave/rockshelters: Evidence of graves/human remains | |
| Cave/rockshelters: Evidence of occupation | |
| Quarry exploitation type | None |
| Quarry raw material | |
| Cemetery/graves topography | |
| Cemetery/graves mortuary features | |
| Grave: number of graves | |
| Grave type | |
| Grave: type of human remains | |
| Grave: estimated number of individuals | |
| Grave: age groups | |
| Grave: sexes | |
| Grave: number of female sex | None |
| Grave: number of male sex | None |
| Grave: number of not specified sex | None |
| Grave: disturbance of graves | |
| Description | freestanding single-. double- or (mainly) multi-roomed, two-storied rectangular structures with rounded corners; a wattle-and-daub type of architecture; super-imposed well-made large oval hearths and ovens with basket surrounings; an obsidian blade and flake industry. The settlement was divided into at least 2 sectors; each sector is composed of variously-oriented free-standing dissimilar rectilinear buildings lying close together in single or double rows encircling unequally-sized open areas. In the southeast sector, three rows of buildings on the south and a double row on the north encirle a wide open space. The existens of a possible third row to the north is not yet clear. This area is thought to to have been a central area with large ovens for public activities. However there are no indicators as yet of a large special building. ln the western sector, low terraces spread out araund a smaller open space. Preliminary observations on the distribution of the artifacts hint at the presence of workshops and special activity areas in this sector. Although it is hard to estimate the size of the settlement, it is more than 1 ha. lt is a permanent settlement, and the buildings were probably abandoned before the flood/torrent. |
| Comment |
Location of the Site
Finds in this Area
Interpretations related to this Area
| Interpretation |
ID 38
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