Area 1148
Main Information
| Area ID | 1148 |
| Site |
Ege Gübre |
| Area type | settlement |
| Area NR | |
| Period | Anatolia: Late Neolithic Anatolia: Early Chalcolithic |
| Dating method | material culture radiocarbon dating |
| Radiocarbon dated | yes |
| Earliest date: Lab Number | |
| Earliest date: 14C age (BP) | |
| Earliest date: Calibration | None |
| Earliest date: 14C age calibrated (BC) | |
| Earliest date: Date of calibration | None |
| Earliest date: Standard deviation | None |
| Earliest date: Delta 13C | None |
| Earliest date: Dated by | |
| Latest date: Lab Number | |
| Latest date: 14C age (BP) | |
| Latest date: Calibration | None |
| Latest date: 14C age calibrated (BC) | |
| Latest date: Date of calibration | None |
| Latest date: Standard deviation | None |
| Latest date: Delta 13C | None |
| Latest date: Dated by | |
| Period Reference | |
| Comment | The Neolithic settlement is divided in the Period III and IV. C14 results place the Neolithic of Ege Gübre between 6200 and 5700 BC. The earliest layer of the settlement, Layer IV is dated to between 6200 and 6000 BC and Layer III is between 6000 and 5700 BC. |
| Settlement type | tell |
| Settlement structure |
enclosure: wall houses: radial |
| Settlement building type |
one-room |
| Settlement building shape |
circular rectangular |
| Settlement building technique |
stone stone socket wattle and daub |
| Settlement archaeological features |
courtyard hearth plastered floor stele waste pit |
| Cave/rockshelters type | None |
| Cave/rockshelters: Evidence of graves/human remains | |
| Cave/rockshelters: Evidence of occupation | |
| Quarry exploitation type | None |
| Quarry raw material | |
| Cemetery/graves topography | |
| Cemetery/graves mortuary features | |
| Grave: number of graves | 1 |
| Grave type |
pit grave |
| Grave: type of human remains |
inhumation |
| Grave: estimated number of individuals | |
| Grave: age groups |
adult (19-40) |
| Grave: sexes |
male individuals |
| Grave: number of female sex | None |
| Grave: number of male sex | 1 |
| Grave: number of not specified sex | None |
| Grave: disturbance of graves | |
| Description | Most of the archaeological artefacts dated to the Neolithic period were found in the IIIa and IIIb levels, as level IV was mostly scraped away by the activities that took place during level III. The Neolithic settlement has been continually shifting its location, so that none of the architectural phases are to be found on top of each other. In the excavated area, 8 round and 12 rectangular structures with stone foundations were exposed around a central courtyard. The rectangular structures are of different dimensions (9 x 6 m and 10 x 8 m) and display two plan-types (small subordinate rooms and a single chamber). The buildings with round plans have 70-80 cm thick walls with an inner diameter of 4 m. The floors are plastered with mud. The entrances to both rectangular and round houses open to the central courtyard. The fact that some of the round structures were attached to two corners of the rectangular buildings makes it possible to surmise that there was some sort of a functional relation between the two building types. The walls of the houses must have been built with wattle and daub technique. In the walls of all structures, intact or broken grinding stones were recovered. It is assumed that the grinding stones were deliberately installed in the walls during construction in symbolic relation to fertility. In some of the rectangular buildings, 1 or 2 hearths were discovered, while no fireplaces were recovered in the circular chambers. Numerous other hearths were dug out in the courtyard. The courtyard in the middle of the dwellings covers an area of 900 m2. A fill of 30-40 cm thick was excavated in the courtyard indicating a dumping area. The courtyard should have been a space for daily life and probably for some ritual practices as suggested by the recovery of a stele-like slab with dimensions 78 x 36 cm in the eastern part of the central courtyard. A massive stone wall was encountered running on the north-eastern axis of the settlement. The thickness of the wall varies from 1,5 to 2 m and a 44 m long stretch of it was exposed. It has been built as a protection from flash-floods that might originate from the nearby stream. The presence of a circular tower on this wall demonstrates that the entrance to the site was from certain points on the southern part of the surrounding wall. In a later phase, a new stone wall, constructed of smaller stones was found along the east side of the site. |
| Comment |
Location of the Site
Bibliography
Finds in this Area