Area 757
Main Information
| Area ID | 757 |
| Site |
Kaletepe-Kömürcü |
| Area type | undefined |
| Area NR | |
| Period | Anatolia: Pre-Pottery Neolithic B |
| Dating method | material culture |
| Radiocarbon dated | yes |
| Earliest date: Lab Number | |
| Earliest date: 14C age (BP) | |
| Earliest date: Calibration | yes |
| Earliest date: 14C age calibrated (BC) | |
| Earliest date: Date of calibration | None |
| Earliest date: Standard deviation | None |
| Earliest date: Delta 13C | None |
| Earliest date: Dated by | |
| Latest date: Lab Number | |
| Latest date: 14C age (BP) | |
| Latest date: Calibration | yes |
| Latest date: 14C age calibrated (BC) | |
| Latest date: Date of calibration | None |
| Latest date: Standard deviation | None |
| Latest date: Delta 13C | None |
| Latest date: Dated by | |
| Period Reference |
Özdoğan, Mehmet, The Neolithic in Turkey. New Excavations & New Research. Central Turkey, None, None Balkan-Atli, N., Binder, D., , Neolithic Obsidian Workshop at Kömürcü-Kaletepe (Central Anatolia) Istanbul 2012, None, None |
| Comment | layer 3 is dated to 8300-8200 cal. BC |
| Settlement type | None |
| Settlement structure | |
| Settlement building type | |
| Settlement building shape | |
| Settlement building technique | |
| Settlement archaeological features | |
| Cave/rockshelters type | None |
| Cave/rockshelters: Evidence of graves/human remains | |
| Cave/rockshelters: Evidence of occupation | |
| Quarry exploitation type | None |
| Quarry raw material | |
| Cemetery/graves topography | |
| Cemetery/graves mortuary features | |
| Grave: number of graves | |
| Grave type | |
| Grave: type of human remains | |
| Grave: estimated number of individuals | |
| Grave: age groups | |
| Grave: sexes | |
| Grave: number of female sex | None |
| Grave: number of male sex | None |
| Grave: number of not specified sex | None |
| Grave: disturbance of graves | |
| Description | The PPN workshop "Area P" was discovered in 1998. Over 100 m² were excavated, 5 layers were discovered: Layer 1: reddish soil, 10 cm thick; Layer 2: grayish yellow sub-horizontal formation, including rhyolite blocs on the upper part of the slope --> traces of recent PPN found; Layer 3: light yellow striped sub-horizontal formation, dated to 8300-8200 cal. BC --> workshop in this layer! Layer 4: lenticular gravel formation with anthropic traces, not dated: Layer 5: sandy formation, rhyolite and obsidian blocks with Middle Paleolithic elements. --> PPN finds in layer 2 and 3; most of the found material belonged to the first stages of roughing and shaping out preforms, the rest was exhausted cores, striking platform openings, tablets, crests, lateral and rarely fragments of central blades, also unsuitable preforms. All blades were produced using bifacial preforms, precisely shaped out. Dimensions of primary platform openings variable, but often close to the roughout's dimension; secondary platform openings fit closely to the size of the exploited cores or broken preforms. estiated size of roughout at the beginning of the shaping out: 18 cm long, ca. 10 cm wide, no more than 5 cm thick; Bi-directional blade production: to produce regular pointed blades with a trapezoid basal section and a triangular distal section, ca. 15 cm long and 15 mm wide --> very high quality and standardization, therefore very qualified knappers with know-how; chaine opératoire: 2 opposed striking platforms are opened on the preforms; they are inclined towards the posterior rectilinear crest; striking platforms used for detachment of the central pointed blade or the detachment of two long lateral blades to predetermine the point morphology; also used for the extraction of short lateral blades to maintain the convexity of the debitage surface. after the opening, the blade production starts with the detachment of the frontal crest from the first platform, then another one detached from the second platform; then, 2 lateral blades slightly inclined towards the sides of the core are extracted from the second platform, then a central pointed blade is extracted from the first platform; then a central upsilon blade is extracted from the 2nd platform to correct the longitudinal rectitude of the debitage surface; the major elements are prepared with the detachment of lateral blades (short and twisted), and they are prepared with an intensive abrasion of the overhang (removals done with a hammerstone). No more than 7 pointed blades can be produced like this from one core. Then, these pointed bladelets were taken out if the workshop. Prismatic Blade Production: serial extraction of bladelets by using the pressure technique, more than 75 mm long, 11 mm wide, 3 mm thick; also executed on bifacial preforms, the cores show well executed posterior crests with an alternating bifacial treatment (little more convex than the crest of naviform cores and slightly larger); the platforms are flat and inclined towards the posterior crest. 50 - 60 bladelets were obtained from each core. Other finds in Area P: tools (rare, either associated with lithic production like hammer stones, obsidian or rhyolite, or associated with subsistence); retouched pieces (rare): side scraper, borer, burin, utilized blade, arrow heads (e.g. Abu Gosh); imported obsidian from Nenezi Daği and Kayırlı. The Kaletepe products and techniques are not observed in PPN Central Anatolian settlements --> distributed over long distances to the Levant and Cyprus. The obsidian sources were used by local and non-local groups at the same period of the year. |
| Comment |
Location of the Site
Bibliography
Finds in this Area
Interpretations related to this Area
| Interpretation |
ID 93
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