Finds 1788
Main Information
| Finds ID | 1788 |
| Site |
Köşk Höyük |
| Area |
ID 752 settlement |
| Research event | |
| Finds type | lithics |
| Small finds category | None |
| Small finds type | |
| Botany species | |
| Animal remains species | |
| Animal remains completeness | None |
| Animal remains part | |
| Lithics technology |
Direct percussion Indirect percussion Pressure technique |
| Lithics industry |
Blade industry Flake industry |
| Lithics cores and preparation |
Blade core Core fragment Flake core Naviform core |
| Lithics retouched tools |
Circular scraper Denticulate Double truncation Projectile point Retouched blade Retouched flake Truncation |
| Lithics unretouched tools |
Blade Bladelet |
| Lithics raw material |
Flint Obsidian |
| Obsidian | Yes |
| Obsidian amount | None |
| Pottery form | |
| Pottery detail | |
| Pottery decoration | |
| Pottery type | None |
| Amount | |
| Material | |
| Confidence | None |
| Comment | Chipped stone industry of Level IV (Initial Late Neolithic): oval arrowheads, with parallel proximal parts, flexing distal parts or parallel retouch; finds are comparable with other Neolithic sites in Central Anatolia (e.g. Çatalhöyük and Tepecik-Çiftlik); some finds reflect Aceramic Neolithic-traditions; significant quantities of arrowheads recovered in the upper building levels are partially unretouched or with just one side retouched; flakes increase; round/semi-round scrapers (large, flat, extensively worked, with invasive retouch) are characteristics of the Anatolian Neolithic tradition. Blades (thick, larger) were also recovered in Level IV; fewer production waste than in the upper levels, and mainly in small chips --> knapping took place in the source area (or elsewhere), not in the settlement; many blades with triangular sections, produced from double striking platform cores; there also were blades with trapezoidal sections; Aceramic Neolithic characteristics: naviform core, upsilon blades and arrowhead types and the techniques of their retouching. Level III: transitional characteristics between Level IV and the upper levels --> some cores are rather large, blade and flake removals are visible on the cores; chipping is performed on a plain striking platform; one example of a prismatic core, worked with a right angle pressure technique, and chipped from the right and left side; in the upper levels, there are truncated blade segments with partial or continuous retouch, also unretouched blades/fragments are common; almost all the proximal ends with percussion bulbs of the blades are broken, some have been truncated from the distal and proximal sides. There are much more flakes in Level III than in the upper levels. They are large and have distinct bulbs of percussion and flat proximal ends; lateral edge retouches are poor, but processsed regularly; ovoid flakes have been made into scrapers. There were few and atypical borers. Hafting technology was used on some arrowheads, but the majority had a small roundish bulge on the proximal end. Some arrowheads were retouched on both sides, some were partially left unretouched (--> typical for the Neolithic tradition) most typical for Layer III: large points of flint (heads for spears or lances), made from blades that have flat, facetted butt and bent-shaped sections. Points smaller than 10 cm in length are considered as arrowheads, longer ones as spears, but the points of this site are in between the measurements of the two groups. The retouch is lateral-edged and mini-denticulated, the proximals are rounded, haft notches are formed by retouching from both sides. There are only few finds from the upper two levels (Advanced Neolithic): mainly arrowheads, fragmented blades, bladelets, a few of them with partial bilateral retouch. Thefew cores were small and all of obsidian. Arrowheads with bilateral, parallel invasive retouch and almost symmetrical profiles constitute the most important tool category of the Chalcolithic period. 23 % of the debitage are comprised of reutilized, truncated, broken arrowheads with or without secondary retouch --> chipped stone workmanship had become a secondary issue after Level III, the materials at hand were re-utilized. The lithics industry had a long tradition (since the Aceramic Neolithic) and was partly in a Near-eastern tradition. |
Bibliography