Site Musular

Main Information

Site ID	676
Name of the site	Musular
Alias name
Alternative name
District	Aksaray
Region	Central Anatolia
Country	Turkey
Period	Anatolia Pre-Pottery Neolithic B Anatolia Pre-Pottery Neolithic C Anatolia Late Neolithic Anatolia Early Chalcolithic Anatolia Early Bronze Age 1 Anatolia Early Bronze Age 2 Anatolia Early Bronze Age 3
Description	Musular, one of the four 8th millennium satellite sites of Aşıklı, was discovered during a survey in 1993. It lies 300/400 m west of Aşıklı. Musular is located on the west bank of the Melendiz River and was a flat and low site (like two other satellite sites of Aşıklı, Yellibelen and Gedikbaşı). It lay directly on the bedrock (tufa rock formation called "say"). Even though the surface material was widely distributed (over an area of more than 220 x 120 m), only 2000 m², with a shallow depression, were used intensively. Maybe Musular had an accompanying function to it (hunting cam site, knapping site or family unit site?) The site was occupied from the earliest Aceramic Neolithic (8th millennium) to the very end of the Late Neolithic or the beginning of the Early Chalcolithic. There are architectural remains (e.g. red painted lime plaster pieces), and other finds like obsidian, animal bones, ground stones, pottery, shells and beads.
Topography	riverside
Geographical Coordinate Reference System	None
Latitude	None
Longitude	None
Elevation	None
Exact location	no
Coordinate source	None
Number of activity periods	None
Comment

Bibliography

Reference	Wreschner, E. E.,Red Ochre and Human Evolution: A Case for Discussion; 1980,None,None Özdoğan, Mehmet,The Neolithic in Turkey. New Excavations & New Research. Central Turkey,None,None Knight, C. - Power, C. - Watts, I., ,The Human Symbolic Revolution: a Darwinian Account; 1995,None,None Kayacan, N.; Özbaşaran, M.,The Choice of Obsidian and its Use at Musular, Central Anatolia,2007,Antibes Buitenhuis, H.,Aşıklı Höyük: a protodomestication site, 1997,None,None Hodder, I.,Çatalhöyuk: Leoparın Öyküsü. Yapı Kredi Yayınrarı, Istnbul 2006,None,None Balkan-Atlı, N.,The Aceramic Neolithic of Central Anatolia: Recent Finds in the Chipped Stone Industry, Istanbul 1998,None,None Özdoğan, Mehmet; Başgelen, Nezih,Neolithic in Turkey. The Cradle of Civilization. New Discoveries,1999,Istanbul Duru, G. - Özbaşaran, M., ,A Non-Domestic Site in Central Anatolia, 2005,None,None Russel, N. - Martin, L., ,Çatalhöyük Mammal Remains; Cambridge 2005,None,None Özbaşaran, M. - Duru, G. - Erdoğu, B. - Kayacan, N. - Kiper, Y., ,Musular Kazı ve Araştırma Projesi, 2003-2004; 2006,None,None Özbaşaran, M. - Duru, G. - Kayacan, N. - Erdoğu, B. - Buitenhuis, H., ,Musular. The 8th Millennium cal. BC Satellite Site of Aşıklı; Istanbul 2012,None,None Astruc, L. - Kayacan, N. - Özbaşaran, M., ,Technical Activities Held at Musular (VIIIth millennium BC, Central Anatolia): A Preliminary Use-Wear Analysis of Lithic Tools, 2008,None,None Özbaşaran, M. - Duru, G. - Kayacan, N. - Erdoğu, B. - Buitenhuis, H., ,Musular, 1996-2004: Genel Değerlendirme; Istanbul 2007,None,None Gratuze, B.,The Chemical Analysis on Ten Artefacts from Musular (unpublished report), 2001,None,None Duru, G.,Yakındoğu Neolitiğiınde Orta Anadolu Bölgesi Neolitik Dönem Mimarlığının Yeri, unpublished MA thesis, 2005,None,None Esin, U. - Harmankaya, S., ,Aşıklı, Istanbul 1999,None,None Esin, U.,The Aceramic Site of Aşıklı and its Ecological Conditions Based on its Floral and Faunal Remains, 1998b,None,None Özbaşaran, M.,Aşıklı 2010; 2011,None,None Martin, L. - Russel, N. - Carruthers, D., ,Animal Remains from the Central Anatolian Neolithic; Istanbul 2002,None,None Buitenhuis, H.,Musular: The First Results of the Analysis of the Faunal Remains (unpublished field report), 2001,None,None Binder, Didier; Gratuze, Bernard; Mouralis, Damase; Balkan-Atlı, Nur,New Investigations of the Göllüdağ Obsidian Lava Flows System: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach,2011, Kayacan, N.,Chipped Stone Industry of the Neolithic Site of Musular (Cappadocia): Preliminary Results; 2003,None,None Bellot-Gurlet, L.,Trace Element Contents Determined by ICP-MS at Grenoble on Nine Artefacts from Musular (unpublished report), 2000,None,None Hauptmann, A. - Yalçın, Ü., ,Lime plaster, Cement and the First Puzzolanic Reaction, 2000,None,None Esin, U. - Harmankaya, S., ,Aşıklı Höyük: Akeramik Neolitik Evrede Yeni Bir Kültür Modeli, 1992,None,None Gage, J.,Did Colours Signify? Symbolism of the Red, 1999,None,None Özbaşaran, M.,The Neolithic Site of Musular- Central Anatolia, 2000,None,None Gülçur, S.,Some Unknown Aspects of Western Cappadocia: Results of the 1993 Survey; Instanbul 1995,None,None Esin, U.; Harmankaya, S.,Aşıklı Höyük,2007,Istanbul Özbaşaran, M.,Musular: A General Assessment on a New Neolithic Site in Central Anatolia; Istanbul 1999,None,None

Areas in this Site

Areas

ID 787 undefined	Anatolia Pre-Pottery Neolithic B Anatolia Pre-Pottery Neolithic C
ID 788 settlement	Anatolia Late Neolithic Anatolia Early Chalcolithic
ID 789 settlement	Anatolia Early Bronze Age 1 Anatolia Early Bronze Age 2 Anatolia Early Bronze Age 3