Area 149
Main Information
| Area ID | 149 |
| Site |
Hakemi Use |
| Area type | settlement |
| Area NR | Periode III (Late Neolithic) |
| Period | Anatolia: Late Neolithic |
| Dating method | material culture radiocarbon dating |
| Radiocarbon dated | yes |
| Earliest date: Lab Number | |
| Earliest date: 14C age (BP) | |
| Earliest date: Calibration | yes |
| Earliest date: 14C age calibrated (BC) | |
| Earliest date: Date of calibration | None |
| Earliest date: Standard deviation | None |
| Earliest date: Delta 13C | None |
| Earliest date: Dated by | |
| Latest date: Lab Number | |
| Latest date: 14C age (BP) | |
| Latest date: Calibration | yes |
| Latest date: 14C age calibrated (BC) | |
| Latest date: Date of calibration | None |
| Latest date: Standard deviation | None |
| Latest date: Delta 13C | None |
| Latest date: Dated by | |
| Period Reference |
Tekin, H., Hakemi Use. A Newly Discovered Late Neolithic Site in Southeastern Anatolia, None, None |
| Comment | The main occpation phase of the site is of the Late Neolithic period. The presence of five distinct building levels belonging to this horizon has been noted; these counting from top to bottom have been denominated as Level 1 to Level 5. These five building levels present a homogenous pattern in terms of both architecture and small finds.Three radiocarbon dates have so far been obtained, placing this horizon in the time span 6100-5950 cal.BC. This seems to accord well with te results of our comparisons based on pottery typology with Late Neolithic sites of Northern Syria, implying that the five Late Neolithic levels at Hakemi Use correspond to the so-called "Transitional" period between the Pre-Halaf and the Early Halaf, also known as the "Proto-Halaf" stage. |
| Settlement type | tell |
| Settlement structure |
houses: free-standing |
| Settlement building type | |
| Settlement building shape |
circular rectangular |
| Settlement building technique |
mud brick pisé |
| Settlement archaeological features |
hearth oven storage pit |
| Cave/rockshelters type | None |
| Cave/rockshelters: Evidence of graves/human remains | |
| Cave/rockshelters: Evidence of occupation | |
| Quarry exploitation type | None |
| Quarry raw material | |
| Cemetery/graves topography | |
| Cemetery/graves mortuary features | |
| Grave: number of graves | 22 |
| Grave type |
pit grave |
| Grave: type of human remains |
inhumation |
| Grave: estimated number of individuals | 22 |
| Grave: age groups |
adult part of specialist report subadult |
| Grave: sexes |
part of specialist report sex not specified |
| Grave: number of female sex | None |
| Grave: number of male sex | None |
| Grave: number of not specified sex | None |
| Grave: disturbance of graves |
none recorded |
| Description | A common characteristic of the Late Neolithic architecture in Hakemi Use is the lack of stone foundations. In the twenty-nine bulidings found at different levels there are no stone foundations at all. Te use of the pisé technique and the loosely bound texture of the walls is another common feature in the architecture of the site. We surmise that the construction was in the so-called "molding technique". Since the dry mud of the walls has a homogenous pattern, it is clear tat the walls were constructed all at one time. Although the constructors tried to keep the walls in a straight line as much as possible, they were unsuccessful, particularly in regard to the longer walls, due most likely to the fast pace of the building. However, there are mudbricks (kerpic) in a few courses in the pisé walls belonging to the first and second levels of the site. It sould be noted, that these mudbricks are produced using a simple technique and have a thin surface tissue possibly due to oly a short period's being allowed for the drying process. Adobe parts are observed only at the upper level and only in three buildings; there is no evidence to explain their use. Overall, the architecture of Hakemi Use is rectangular. Up to now, only two buildings are found to have rounded outlines, corresponding to the so-called tholos-type buildings known from contemporaneous sites in Northern Syria. One of these round buildings belongs to the second level, whereas the other is from the third level. Those buildings with rectangular outlines have generally three rooms; one in the front an two small ones in the back. The buildings cover an area of about 40m, all rooms are connected to each other by doors and there are also small gates giving access to the rooms from outside. The buildings are simple houses, seemingly abandoned prior to their destruction as the material yield found within the is rather low and confined to extensively worn and/or broken artefacts. There is no evidence of attack or damage or any be found in the burials. There is no indication that any of the buildings had been used either as workshops or cult places; with their simple outlines they seem to have been used as houses. At the corner of the north short wall of one building (Building 2) belonging to the second layer, there are two oval niches. These niches were constructed with mud. It is tought that these were used for storing cereals since a few carbonized cereal graines were found in them. |
| Comment | For more information on the burials please cunsult "Hakemi Use - cemetery&graves". |
Bibliography
| Reference |
Tekin, H., Hakemi Use. A Newly Discovered Late Neolithic Site in Southeastern Anatolia, None, None |
Finds in this Area
Interpretations related to this Area